Dr. Angela Ittel
Beiträge in merz
Christin R. Müller, Jan Pfetsch und Angela Ittel: Cyberbullying und die Nutzung digitaler Medien im Kindheits- und Jugendalter
Die vorliegende Studie untersucht, wie sich die Mediennutzung von Cyberbullys, Cybervictims und Unbeteiligten unterscheidet. Befragt wurden Lernende im Alter von acht bis 16 Jahren. Die multivariaten Analysen zeigen, dass Cyberbullys und Cybervictims Mobiltelefone und das Internet abhängig von Alter und Geschlecht häufiger und vielfältiger nutzen als Unbeteiligte. Konsequenzen für das Vorgehen weiterer Untersuchungen zu Cyberbullying werden diskutiert.
Literatur:
Dooley, Julian J./Pyzalski, Jacek/Cross, Donna (2009). Cyberbullying versus face-to-face bullying. A theoretical and conceptual review. In: Journal of Psychology, 217, S. 182-188.
Erdur-Baker, Özgür (2010). Cyberbullying and its correlation to traditional bullying, gender and frequent and risky usage of internet-mediated communication tools. In: New Media and Society, 12, S. 109-125.
Field, Andy (2009). Discovering statistics using SPSS (3. Ausgabe). Los Angeles, CA: Sage.Hinduja, Sameer/Patchin, Justin W. (2008). Cyberbullying: An explanatory analysis of factors related to offending and Victimization. In: Deviant Behavior, 29, S. 129-156.
Li, Qing (2007). Bullying in the new playground: Research into cyberbullying and cyber victimization. In: Australasian Journal of Educational Technology, 23, S. 435-454.
Livingstone, Sonia/Haddon, Leslie/Görzig, Anke/Òlafsson, Kjartan (2010). Risks and safety on the internet: The perspective of European children. Initial findings from the EU Kids Online survey of 9-16 year olds and their parents. London.
Medienpädagogischer Forschungsverbund Südwest (mpfs) (2012). JIM-Studie 2012. Jugend, Information, (Multi-)Media. Basisuntersuchung zum Medienumgang 12- bis 19-Jähriger. Stuttgart.
Perren, Sonja/Gutzwiller-Helfenfinger, Eveline (2012). Cyberbullying and traditional bullying in adolescence: Differential roles of moral disengagement, moral emotions, and moral values. In: European Journal of Developmental Psychology, 9, S. 195-209.
Pfetsch, Jan/Müller, Christin R./Ittel, Angela (2013). Cyberbullying und Empathie – Affektive, kognitive und medienbasierte Empathie im Kontext von Cyberbullying im Kindes- und Jugendalter. Manuskript eingereicht zur Publikation.
Schultze-Krumbholz, Anja/Scheithauer, Herbert (2011). Der Berlin Cyberbullying-Cybervictimization Questionnaire (BCyQ). Unveröffentlichtes Manuskript, Freie Universität Berlin.
Smith, Peter K./Mahdavi, Jess/Carvalho, Manuel/Fisher, Sonja/Russell, Shanette/Tippett, Neil (2008). Cyberbullying: Its nature and impact in secondary school pupils. In: Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 49, S. 376-385.
Tokunaga, Robert S. (2010). Following you home from school: A critical review and synthesis of research on cyberbullying victimization. In: Computers in Human Behavior, 26, S. 277-287.
Diana Raufelder, Danilo Jagenow und Angela Ittel: Mediennutzung, Freizeitverhalten und Körperzufriedenheit in der früh-pubertären Entwicklungsphase
In der vorliegenden Studie wurden mittels einer querschnittlichen Fragebogenstudie geschlechtsabhängige Zusammenhänge zwischen Körperzufriedenheit, Freizeit- und Mediennutzungsverhalten und Faktoren der psychosozialen Anpassung bei Grundschulkindern untersucht. Die Befunde legen nahe, dass dieses Zusammenspiel auch in nicht-klinischen Stichproben in der früh-adoleszenten Phase an Bedeutung gewinnt und starke geschlechtsspezifische Unterschiede existieren.
The current study examined the gender specific associations between body satisfaction, media use, spare time behaviour, and aspects of psychosocial adjustment of students of elementary school. The results of the quantitative survey suggest an increasing significance of these associations even in non-clinical samples in early adolescence. Furthermore, the findings point to high gender specific differences.
Literatur
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Ashford, José B./LeCroy, Craig Winston/Lortie, Kathy L. (2006). Human behavior in the social environment (3rd ed.). Belmont, CA: Thomson, Brooks/Cole.
Astleitner, Hermann/Holzer, Barbara (2006). Der Einfluss von Geschlecht und Körperbildvariablen auf den Selbstwert von Schülerinnen und Schülern. In: Salzburger Beiträge zur Erziehungswissenschaft, 10(1), S. 37-43.
Bergstrom, Erik/Stenlund, Hans/Svedjehall, Brittinger (2000). Assessment of body perception among Swedish adolescents and young adults. In: Journal of Adolescent Health, 26, pp. 70- 75.
Boeger, Annette (2010). Körper und Geschlecht im Jugendalter: Schlaglichter auf eine Entwicklungsaufgabe für beide Geschlechter. In: Gisela Steins (Hrsg.), Handbuch Psychologie und Geschlechterforschung. Verlag für Sozialwissenschaften, S. 133-151.
Bordo, Susan (2003). Unberable weight: Feminism, Western culture, and the body. Berkeley, University of California Press.
Botta, Renée. A. (2003). For your health? The relationship between magazine reading and adolescents’ body image and eating disturbances. In: Sex Roles, 48, pp. 389-399.
Cafri, Guy/Thompson, J. Kevin (2004). Measuring Male Body Image: A Review of the Current Methodology. In: Psychology of Men & Masculinity, 5(1), pp. 215-239.
Cattarin, Jill A./Thompson, J. Kevin/Thomas, Carmen/ Williams, Robyn (2000). Body image, mood, and televised images of attractiveness: The role of social comparison. In: Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology, 19, pp. 220-239.
Cohane, Geoffrey H./Pope, Harrison G. Jr. (2001). Body Image in boys: a review of the literature. In: International Journal of Eating Disorders, 29, pp. 373–379.
Cohn, Lawrence D./Adler, Nancy E./Irwin, Charles/Millstein, Susan/Kegeles, Susan M./Stone, George (1987).Body-figure preferences in male and female adolescents. In: Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 96 (3), pp. 276-279.
Collins, Elizabeth (1990). Body figure perceptions and preferences among preadolescent children. In: International Journal of Eating Disorder, 10, pp. 199-208.
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Frederick, David A./Haselton, Martie G. (2003). Muscularity as a communicative signal. Paper presentation at the International Communications Association.
Frederick, David A./Fessler, Daniel M. T./Haselton, Martie G. (2005). Do representations of male muscularity differ in men’s and women’s magazines? In: Body Image, 2, pp. 81-86.
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Gentile, Douglas A./Oberg, Charles/Sherwood, Nancy E./Story, Mary/Walsh, David A./Hogan, Majorie (2004). Well-child exams in the video age: Pediatricians and the AAP guidelines for children’s media use. In: Pediatrics, 114, pp. 1235-1241.
Grogan, Sarah/Richards, Helen (2002). ‘Body image: Focus groups with boys and men’. In: Men and Masculinities, 4, pp. 219-233.
Grogan, Sarah/Shepherd, Sarah/Evans, Ruth/Wright, Sam/ Hunter, Geoff (2006). Experiences of anabolic steroid use: In-depth interviews with men and women body builders. In: Journal of Health Psychology, 11, pp. 845-856.
Grogan, Sarah (2008). Body Image. Understanding Body Dissatisfaction in Men, Women, and Children. London & New York: Routledge.
Halliwell, Emma/Dittmar, Helga (2005). The role of selfimprovement and self-evaluation motives in social comparisons with idealised female bodies in the media. In: Body Image, 2, pp. 249-261.
Harriger, Jennifer A./Calogero, Rachel M./Witherington, David C./Smith, Jane Ellen (2010). Body Size Stereotyping and Internalization of the Thin Ideal in Preschool Girls. In: Sex Roles, 63 (9-10), pp. 609-620.
Hölling, Heike/Schlack, Robert/Kurth, Bärbel-Maria (2010). Kinder – Familien – Gesundheit: Fakten und Zahlen aus dem bundesweit repräsentativen Kinder und Jugendgesundheitssurvey (KIGGS). In: Collatz, Jens (Hrsg.), Familienmedizin in Deutschland. Notwendigkeit, Dilemma, Perspektiven. Lengerich: Pabst Science Publishers, S. 97-131.
Hughes, Susan M./Gallup, Gordon G. Jr. (2003). Sex differences in morphological predictors of sexual behavior: Shoulder to hip and waist to hip ratios. In: Evolution and Human Behavior, 24, pp. 173-178.
Kindes, Marlene (2006). Body Image: New Research. New York: Nova Science.
Kreikebaum, Susanne (1999). Körperbild, Körperzufriedenheit, Diätverhalten und Selbstwert bei Mädchen und Jungen im Alter von sieben bis dreizehn Jahren: Eine interkulturelle Vergleichsstudie (USA – D) und Längsschnittuntersuchung (D). Universität zu Köln, PhilosophischeFakultät: Unveröffentlichte Dissertation.
Kurth, Bärbel-Maria/Hölling, Heike/Schlack, Robert (2008). Wie geht es unseren Kindern? Ergebnisse aus dem bundesweit repräsentativen Kinder- und Jugendgesundheitssurvey (KIGGS). Mittelmaß für Kinder. Der UNICEFBericht zur Lage der Kinder in Deutschland. H. Bertram. München: Verlag C. H. Beck: S. 104-126.
Lavrakas, Paul J. (1975). Female preferences for male physique. In: Journal of Research in Personality, 9, pp. 324–334.
Law, Cheryl/Labre, Magdala P. (2002). Cultural standards of attractiveness: A thirty-year look at changes in male images in magazines. In: Journalism and Mass Communication Quarterly 79, pp. 697-711.
LeCroy, Craig Winston /Daley, Janice (2001). Empowering Adolescent Girls: Examining the present and building skills for the future with the go girls program. New York: Norton Publishers.
Leit, Richard A./Pope, Harrison G. Jr./Gray, James J. (2001). Cultural expectations of muscularity in men: The evolution of playgirl centerfolds. In: International Journal of Eating Disorders, 29, pp. 90-93.
Leit, Richard A./Gray, James J./Pope, Harrison G. (2002). The media’s representation of the ideal male body: A cause for muscle dysmorphia? In: International Journal of Eating Disorders, 31, pp. 334–338.
Lorenzen, Lisa A./Grieve, Frederick G./Thomas, Adrian (2004). Exposure to muscular male models decreases men‘s body satisfaction. In: Sex Roles, 51(11/12), pp. 743-748.
Lynch, Shawn M./Zellner, Debra A. (1999). Figure preferences in two generations of men: The use of figure drawings illustrating differences in muscle mass. In: Sex Roles, 40, pp. 833–843.
McCabe, M. P./Ricciardelli, Lina A. (2001). Parent, peer, and media influences on body image and strategies to both increase and decrease body size among adolescent boys and girls. In: Adolescence, 36, pp. 225–240.
McCabe, Marita P./Ricciardelli, Lina A. (2003). Sociocultural influences on body image and body changes among adolescent boys and girls. In: Journal of Social Psychology, 143, pp. 5-26.
McCabe, Marita P./Ricciardelli, Lina A./Sitaram, Geeta/Mikhail, Katharine (2006). Accuracy of body size estimation: Role of biopsychosocial variables. In: Body Image, 3(2), pp. 163-171.
Medienpädagogischer Forschungsverbund Südwest (2010). JIM-Studie 2010. Basisuntersuchungen zum Medienumgang 12-19jähriger. Stuttgart: Medienpädagogischer Forschungsverbund Südwest.
Medienpädagogischer Forschungsverbund Südwest (2011). KIM-Studie 2010. Basisuntersuchungen zum Medienumgang 6-13jähriger. Stuttgart: Medienpädagogischer Forschungsverbund Südwest.
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Mendelson, Beverly K./Mendelson, Morton J./White, Donna R. (2001). Body-Esteem Scale for Adolescents and Adults. In: Journal of Personality Assessment, 76, pp. 90-106.
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Pope, Harrison G. Jr./Olivardia, Roberto/Gruber, Amanda J./Borowiecki, John (1999). Evolving ideals of male body image as seen through action toys. In: International Journal of Eating Disorders, 26, pp. 65-72.
Pope, Harrison G. Jr./Phillips, Kathrine A./Olivardia, Roberto (2000). The Adonis complex: The secret crisis of male body obsession. Sydney: The Free Press.
Presnell, Kathrine/Bearman, Sarah Kate/Stice, Eric (2004). Risk factors for body dissatisfaction in adolescent boys and girls: A prospective study. In: International Journal of Eating Disorders, 36, pp. 389-401.
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Sands, Emma R./Wardle, Jane (2003). Internalization of ideal body shapes in 9 – 12-year-old girls. In: International Journal of Eating Disorders, 33(2), pp. 193-204.
Shroff, Hemal/Thompson, J. Kevin (2006). Peer influences, body image dissatisfaction, eating, dysfunction, and selfesteem in adolescent girls. In: Journal of Health Psychology, 11, pp. 533-551.
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Smolak, Linda (2004). Body image in children and adolescents: where do we go from here? In: Body Image,1(1), pp. 15-28.
Stice,Eric/Whitenton, Kathryn (2002). Risk factors for body dissatisfaction in adolescent girls: A longitudinal investigation. In: Developmental Psychology, 38, pp. 669-678.
Thompson, J. Kevin/van den Berg, Patricia (2002). Measuring body image attitudes among adolescents and adults. In: Cash, Thomas/Pruzinsky, Thomas (Eds.), Body images: A handbook of theory, research and clinical practice. New York: Guilford, pp. 142-153.
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Tiggemann, Marika/Martins, Yolanda/Kirkbride, Alana (2007). Oh To Be Lean and Muscular: Body Image Ideals in Gay and Heterosexual Men. In: Psychology of Men & Masculinity, 8(1), pp. 15-24.
Warren, Michelle P. (1983). Physical and biological aspects of puberty. In Brooks-Gunn, Jeanne/Petersen, Anne C. (Eds.), Girls at puberty: Biological and psychosocial perspectives. New York: Plenum, pp. 3-28.
Wiesner, Margit/Ittel, Angela (2002). Relations of pubertal timing and depressive symptoms to substance use in adolescence. In: Journal of Early Adolescence, 22, pp. 5-23.
Williams, Joanne M./Currie, Candace (2000). Self-esteem and physical development in early adolescence: pubertal timing and body image. In: Journal of Early Adolescence, 20, pp. 129-149.
Wykes, Maggie/Gunter, Barrie (2005). The media and body image. London: Sage.
Angela Ittel and Kate Drury: The Meaning of Media and Body Issues of Girls and Boys
Eine Untersuchung zu Wechselbeziehungen zwischen Medien, Peers und Körpererfahrung von Mädchen und Jungen im frühen Jugendalter liefert Hinweise auf geschlechterspezifische Varianzen hinsichtlich des Zusammenhangs zwischen Medien und Körpergefühl. Diese Untersuchung basiert auf einem querschnittlichen Untersuchungsdesign und die Daten erlauben daher keine Schlussfolgerungen, die Kausalitäten vermuten lassen. Dennoch betonen die Ergebnisse die Bedeutung, Fragestellungen um Körper und Körperbewusstsein mit gemischtgeschlechtlichen Stichproben zu untersuchen, um relevante Implikationen für geschlechtersensible Gesundheitspräventions- und Interventionsprogramme in Bezug auf den Umgang mit dem Körper in nicht klinischen Stichproben zu berücksichtigen.Our study provides a picture of how media, particularly media awareness and perceived media pressure, may differentially influence boys’ and girls’ experiences of their bodies in early adolescence. Interestingly, gender variances were found in the associations between media and body related concerns. The study is based on cross sectional data and hence does not allow drawing any conclusions suggestion causality of effects. Nevertheless, this study highlights the importance of including boys in investigations of body related issues and reveals important implications for gender specific health promoting programs in regard to body related concerns in non clinical samples throughout early adolescence.
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